Do you know about - A Distinctive and Distinguished Literary Profile - Paving Toni Morrison's Way in American Letters
Hough Ear Institute Oklahoma City! Again, for I know. Ready to share new things that are useful. You and your friends.Toni Morrison, one of the most renowned black writers from the United States of America with numerous honors to her credit such as the Nobel Prize for literature, a Pulitzer Prize in 1988 for Beloved and the National Book Foundation's Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters, is widely recognized as one of the most significant novelists of the twentieth century. Her novels are therefore taught widely world-wide in Literature, History, Women Studies and African American Studies programs.
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We had a good read. For the benefit of yourself. Be sure to read to the end. I want you to get good knowledge from Hough Ear Institute Oklahoma City.Her first novel, The Bluest Eye, published in 1970 told the story of a young African-American girl who believes her incredibly difficult life would be bettered if only she had blue eyes. She has continued to explore the African-American experience in its many forms and periods in such works as Sula (1973), Song of Solomon (1977 which sold 3 million copies and was on the New York Times best seller list for 16 weeks and re-emerged on the best seller list in 1996 when it was chosen by Oprah Winfrey for inclusion in Oprah's Book Club and her fifth novel Beloved (1987), about the legacy of slavery, thus developing a strong following among both readers and critics who fell for her lyrical style, sharp observations, and vibrant storytelling.
She made her debut as a novelist in 1970 and soon gained the attention of both critics and a wider audience for her epic themes, her unerring ear for vividly expressive dialogue fusing the rhythms of African American speech patterns and music with other literary influences thus creating an entirely new discourse, and her poetically-charged and richly-expressive depictions of Black American life and experience through richly detailed portrayals of black characters. Their central themes are the black American experience; in an unjust society within which situation her characters keep struggling to find themselves and their cultural identity in a society that warps or impedes such essential growth. Morrison examines particularly black female experience within the black community often exploring the experiences and roles of black women in a racist and male dominated society. In the center of her complex and multi-layered narratives is the unique cultural inheritance of African-Americans.
Her use of fantasy, her sinuous poetic style, and her rich interweaving of the mythic gave her stories great strength and texture. According to Charles Larson in the Chicago Tribune "Book World", each of Morrison's novels "is as original as anything that has appeared in our literature in the last 20 years. The contemporaneity that unites them - the troubling persistence of racism in America - is infused with an urgency that only a black writer can have about our society. "She has in all her works captured what she calls "Black people's grace" which "has been what they do with language."
Toni Morrison has thus earned a reputation as a gifted storyteller revising the geography associated with African American literature with her works taking place in mid-western black villages rather than in the traditional settings of the urban North and the rural South.
Her first novel, The Bluest Eye (1970), set primarily in Lorain, Ohio, is a novel of initiation concerning a victimized adolescent black girl who obsessed by white standards of beauty, longs to have blue eyes.
Her second novel, Sula, published in 1973 and set in Medallion, Ohio examines (among other issues) the dynamics of friendship and the expectations for conformity within the community.
The critically acclaimed Beloved (1987) based on the true story of a runaway slave who, at the point of recapture, kills her infant daughter in order to spare her a life of slavery, which won a Pulitzer Prize for fiction, is set in post-Civil War Ohio.
Ohio is central in her work not only because she was born there or because it was one of the major stations on the Underground Railroad but also because it represents "an escape from stereotyped black settings...being neither plantation nor ghetto." However, since Morrison's parents were migrants from the South, her works exhibit much southern heritage influences as well. This is seen especially in its major theme of African-American displacement - first from Africa, then from the South to North - and what African Americans have made of their frequent moves.
In every one of her novels, a protagonist physically leaves home to learn about his or her interior life and how that life connects to a larger community. Growing up, Morrison experienced a vibrant African American migrant culture as a result developing an appreciation for her southern black roots, unlike Richard Wright.
The publication of Song of Solomon (1977) told by a male narrator in search of his identity; brought Morrison to national attention. Tar Baby (1981), set on a Caribbean island, explores conflicts of race, class, and sex. Jazz (1992) is a story of violence and passion set in New York City's Harlem during the 1920s. Her novel Paradise (1998) is a richly detailed portrait of a black utopian community in Oklahoma. Her later novel, Love (2003), is an intricate family story that reveals the myriad facets of love and its ostensible opposite.
The volume of critical and popular acclaim that has arisen around Toni Morrison's works is virtually unparalleled in modern letters. Her six major novels - The Bluest Eye, Song of Solomon, Sula, Tar Baby, Beloved, and Jazz - have brought her nearly every major literary prize. She received the National Book Critics Circle Award in 1977 for Song of Solomon. In 1987, Beloved was awarded the Pulitzer Prize.
Her body of work was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 1993 making her the first African American to be selected for the award and the first black woman to win it. Her citation reads: Toni Morrison, "who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality." To which her response was rapturous.
Morrison's climb towards literary creativity was given a boost when she became textbook editor for a subsidiary of Random House in 1965, in 1968, rising up to becoming the senior editor-a job she kept until 1985 through which position she was instrumental in getting the works of several young black writers published.. She edited books by Angela Davis, Tony Cade Bambara, Gayl Jones and Muhammad Ali.
Morrison has also co-written books for children with her youngest son, Slade Morrison, who works as a painter and musician. In this area she won nomination for the Grammy Awards 2008 Best Spoken Word Album for Children - "Who's Got Game? The Ant or the Grasshopper? The Lion or the Mouse? Poppy or the Snake?"
Other major awards she has received include: the 1996 National Book Foundation Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters, the Pearl Buck Award (1994), the title of Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters (Paris, 1994), and 1978 Distinguished Writer Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters.
Morrison was appointed Robert F. Goheen Professor of the Council of the Humanities at Princeton University in the spring of 1989. From 1989 until her retirement in 2006, Morrison held this Chair in the Humanities at Princeton University. Though based in the Creative Writing Program, Morrison instead of regularly offering writing workshops to students after the late 1990s conceived and developed the prestigious Princeton Atelier, a program that brings together talented students with critically acclaimed, world-famous artists. Together the students and the artists produce works of art that are presented to the public after a semester of collaboration. In her position at Princeton, Morrison used her insights to encourage not merely new and emerging writers, but artists working to develop new forms of art through interdisciplinary play and cooperation.
Morrison taught English at two branches of the State University of New York. In 1984 she was appointed to an Albert Schweitzer chair at the University at Albany, The State University of New York.
At its 1979 commencement ceremonies, Barnard College awarded her its highest honor, the Barnard Medal of Distinction. Oxford University awarded her an honorary Doctor of Letters degree in June 2005.
She currently holds a place on the editorial board of The Nation magazine.
In 1984 she was appointed to an Albert Schweitzer chair at the University of New York at Albany, where she nurtured young writers through two-year fellowships. She received the Anisfeld-Wolf award in 1988 for Beloved.. Morrison became a professor at Princeton University in 1989 and continued to produce great works.
She held teaching posts at Yale University, Bard College, and Rutgers University.
She has given numerous public lectures on African-American literature. In 1990 she delivered the Clark lectures at Trinity College, Cambridge, and the Massey Lectures at Harvard University. She held the post as senior editor at Random House creditably for twenty years. She has degrees from Howard and Cornell Universities.
A host of colleges and universities like Harvard, the University of Pennsylvania, Sarah Lawrence College, Dartmouth, Yale, Georgetown, Columbia University and Brown University. have given her honorary degrees. Toni Morrison was commissioned by Carnegie Hall in 1992 to write lyrics "Honey and Me", an original piece of music by Andre Previn with lyrics sung in performance by Kathleen Battle. In 1997, she wrote the lyrics for "Sweet Talk", which was written by Richard Danielpour and performed in concert by Jessye Norman.
Morrison has been a member of both the National Council on the Arts and the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. In 2001 she was named one of the "30 Most Powerful Women in America".
In November 2006, Morrison visited the Louvre Museum in Paris as the second in its "Grand Invité" program to guest-curate a month-long series of events across the arts on the theme of "The Foreigner's Home."
For Morrison, the history and literature of the United States and of our present world are "incoherent" without an understanding of the African-American presence. Her work therefore always engages major contemporary social issues such as:
- the interrelatedness of racism, class exploitation and sexism, domination and imperialism
- the spirituality and power of oral folk traditions and values
- the mythic scope of the imagination
- the negotiation of slippery boundaries, especially for members of oppressed groups, between personal desire and political urgency.
Her work also articulates perennial human concerns and paradoxes including the following:
- How are our concepts of the good, the beautiful and the powerful related?
- What is goodness and evil?
- How does our sense of identity derive from continuity while maintaining individual uniqueness.
Morrison has said therefore that:
If anything I do, in the way of writing novels (or anything I write) isn't about the village or the community or about you, then it is not about anything . I am not interested in indulging myself in some private, closed exercise of my imagination that fulfills only the obligation of my personal dreams - which is to say yes, the work must be political...It seems to me that the best art is political and you ought to make it unquestionably political and irrevocably beautiful at the same time.
Morrison thus insists on a visceral relationship between writer and reader. Toni Morrison has thus earned a reputation as a gifted storyteller.
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